Cloisonné

This technique dates back to the Byzantine Empire. It is a multi-step process requiring skill, dexterity and patience.

1. Copper wires are formed by hand to outline a design or pattern.
2. Wires are soldered in place onto a copper base forming 'cloisons' or cells.
3. Cells are filled with enamel powders consisting of silica/metal oxides to create different colors.
4. Fired in a kiln, special attention is paid to specific temperatures required for various colors.
5. The enamel shrinks during firing, the process of refilling the cloisons with more enamel powder and firing must be repeated several times.
6. The enamel surface is ground level with the top of the wires then polished and plated with gold.